JUAN CALATRAVA – Full Professor in Architectural History in the School of Architecture of Granada (Spain), of which he was Director (2004-2010). Teacher in several Masters and Doctorate Programs in Spain, Italy, France and other countries. Guest professor in the Collège de France (Paris). Author of more than 250 books and academic papers. His main lines of research are Historiography and Theory of Architecture, Contemporary Architecture (especially Le Corbusier) and Image of the architecture and the town in modern literature and painting. Member of the scientific committee of 26 scientific journals. Curator of several architectural exhibitions in Granada, Madrid, Buenos Aires, Munich and Paris. Founder (2004) and Director of the Research Group “Arquitectura y Cultura Contemporá- nea”. Member of the Conseil d’Administration of the Fondation Le Corbusier. Co-director of the journal «LC. Re- vue de Recherches sur Le Corbusier». Doctor Honoris Causa (Honorary Doctor) from the University of Alcalá.

MARTA RODRÍGUEZ ITURRIAGA – Architect, with a Master’s in Architecture and Historical Heritage, and a PhD, she is an Assistant Professor in the School of Architecture of Granada (Spain). She received the First National End-of- Degree Award and her doctoral thesis was recognized with the VIII IUACC Award 2023. Her research focuses on landscape as a central concept, a perspective from which she has explored multifaceted issues such as the historical contribution of architecture to the construction of the urban landscape, the landscape dimension of the architectural project, and the documentation of the built environment. A member of the Research Group “Arquitectura y Cultura Contemporánea”, of the organizing committee of the International Conferences Cultura y Ciudad, and of the Asociación de historiadores de la Arquitectura y el Urbanismo (AhAU), she is currently part of the editorial board of the journal «SOBRE».

The idea of “the Orient” has always been imbued with a mythical quality that far exceeds its concrete geographical location. From the eighteenth to the twentieth century, architects’ travels in the Mediterranean and beyond must be read and repositioned within the broader context of the confrontation with alterity and of the definition of the identity of places through perceptions and representations constructed from the outside. These concerns were at the heart of the international conference The architects and the travels to the East, mid-18th Century - 1960s, held at the Alhambra in May 2024. This was the third meeting of the international cycle The Architect’s Journeys. Travels and Transfers across the Mediterranean and Beyond (XVIIIth-XXth Centuries). This multilingual volume brings together 23 texts proposed for the conference, expanded and reworked ad hoc by their authors and organized thematically. The book begins with Juan Calatrava’s opening lecture, devoted to Charles Garnier’s journey to Greece. It is subsequently structured into five thematic sections: The Mediterranean and Beyond. Insights from the 20th Century; A Model Case: Visions of Turkey and Constantinople; Diverse Easts: 17th-18th Centuries; French Itineraries in the East, and The Far East: Visions of the 20th Century. Throughout its pages, topics such as the educational and documentary role of travel, the rediscovery of the vernacular, the hybridization of the local and the foreign, and the awakening of new concerns through exposure to a different culture are addressed. All the rich variety of perspectives gathered here confirms the suggestiveness of a theme such as “the journey to the Orient” for the history of contemporary architecture.

Premise. Journeys to the East. Constructing the Gaze, Hybridizations, and Asymmetries, Antonio Brucculeri, Massimiliano Savorra - Introduction. A Journey to Architects’ “Orients”, Juan Calatrava, Marta Rodríguez Iturriaga - Charles Garnier en Grecia, Juan Calatrava – I - THE MEDITERRANEAN AND BEYOND. INSIGHTS FROM THE 20TH CENTURY – Luis M. de Gana, Fernando de Urrutia y Francisco H. Rubio: tres estudiantes de arquitectura en busca de soluciones constructivas en Marruecos, Pablo Sánchez Izquierdo - Il viaggio in Oriente di Gaetano Moretti tra interessi patrimoniali e obiettivi educativi, Giovanna D’Amia - El viaje como experiencia pedagógica e investigadora: Leopoldo Torres Balbás, de al-Andalus a Marruecos, Juan Manuel Barrios Rozúa - Hassan Fathy: un viaje a contracorriente de la arquitectura moderna, Abueliz Mahmoud Sultan Saleem, Lauren Etxepare Igiñiz, Ezekiel Collantes Gabella – II - A MODEL CASE: VISIONS OF TURKEY AND CONSTANTINOPLE - Viaggiatori e architetti del XVIII secolo a Costantinopoli. Opinioni sull’architettura ottomana, Elisabetta Molteni - Melling Kalfa on the Shores of Bes ̧iktas ̧ and the Voyage pittoresque de Constantinople: Between Observation and Intervention, Alper Metin - Uncasting the Past: Laws of Construction and Pedagogical Critique in Architect Charles Texier’s in situ Study of Seljuk Anatolia (1833-1837), Michelle Lynch-Köycü - Precedent Knowledge in the Bildung of an Architect: Adolphe Thiers’ Travel to Istanbul, Sinem Özgür, Hale Gönül - Travels of Women Architects from Istanbul to the East in the First Years of the Republic, S ̧ölen Köseog ̆lu – III - DIVERSE EASTS: 17TH-18TH CENTURIES – The Journey of Castiglione: The Encounter between Western Architecture and the Qing Dynasty, Manuel V. Castilla - Viaggiare, disegnare, pubblicare: Joachim Bocher (doc. 1754-1788) nel Mediterraneo, Katia Martignago - «Mazes Overgrown with Thorns»: Travels to the Mediterranean East and Debates on the Origin of Gothic Architecture around 1800, Dominik Müller - Drawing the Orient: James Wild in Cairo, Damascus and Seville, Omniya Abdel Barr, Anke Scharrahs, Carlos Plaza – IV - FRENCH ITINERARIES IN THE EAST – Islamic Architecture through the Prism of Marble. The Vision of 19th-Century French and British Architects, Ariane Varela Braga - Croisière aux Pays du Levant. Regards photographiques de l’architecte Lucien Roy (1911), Camille Conte - À la recherche de l’Est perdu : architectes français en Perse (1839-1979), Sharahm Abadie - L’Orient de Le Corbusier : Terra incognita, palimpseste et hétérotopie, Arnaud Dercelles, Ilona Bernard – V - THE FAR EAST: VISIONS OF THE 20TH CENTURY - Fernando Távora’s 1960 Journey to Japan, Ana Tostões - Un país «colosal». El Japón de 1962 bajo la mirada de Carlos de Miguel, Ana Esteban Maluenda, Eva Gil Donoso, Alberto Ruiz Colmenar - Carlo Scarpa 1969, in giro per l’Asia: Japón, Vietnam, Camboya y Tailandia, J. M. Sambucety Rueda - Sottsass in India, Francesca Castanò, Alessandra Clemente - Una mirada distraída in India: il viaggio di Enric Miralles e le sue derivazioni, Ilia Celiento – ANNEXES - Index of names - The authors